The function of the derailleur hanger is to support the rear derailleur and hold it in the correct position to enable precise gear changes. Because the derailleur hanger is relatively exposed, it can be damaged in the event of an impact or accident. In such cases, it is often easier and less expensive to replace the derailleur hanger rather than repairing or replacing the entire frame.
What functions does the derailleur hanger have?
- Protection of the frame: By absorbing the forces in the event of an impact or incorrect loading, the derailleur hanger effectively protects the bicycle frame from damage.
- Positioning of the rear derailleur: It ensures the correct alignment of the rear derailleur to the gears on the rear wheel, which is essential for precise shifting.
- Enabling precise gear shifting: By holding the derailleur in the correct position, the derailleur hanger enables smooth and precise gear shifting.
- Replaceability: If damaged, the derailleur hanger can in most cases be easily replaced, which is a cost-effective solution and eliminates the need to replace the entire frame.
Important information about the derailleur hanger
The derailleur hanger, also known as a shift cross or shift tube, is a component in the bicycle gear system that serves to guide and tension the shift cables. It is usually made of aluminum or steel and is usually mounted on the underside of the frame.
The derailleur hanger usually has two or three holes through which the shift cables pass. One hole is used to pass the shift cable for the smaller sprockets (rear wheel), another hole is used for the shift cable for the larger sprockets (rear wheel). In some cases there is also a third hole that is used additionally to tension the shift cable.
A derailleur hanger can be adjusted manually or automatically. With manual adjustment, the shift cable must be manually tightened and adjusted, while with automatic adjustment, this is done automatically by the gearshift itself. Automatic derailleur hangers are usually more expensive than manual derailleur hangers.
A broken derailleur hanger can cause the gears to stop working properly and the shift cables to feel loose. In this case, the derailleur hanger should either be repaired or replaced.
There are also derailleur hangers with the option of changing the shift cables without removing the derailleur hanger, through a kind of "quick release" on the derailleur hanger.
How can you replace a broken derailleur hanger?
To replace a derailleur hanger, you should follow these steps:
First, you should turn the bike over and secure the wheels so that it cannot roll away.
- Remove the shift cable by loosening the cable lug that holds it to the derailleur. It may also be necessary to remove the shift cables to gain access to the derailleur hanger.
- Remove the bolts that attach the derailleur hanger to the frame. In some cases, there may also be some sort of quick release to remove it.
- Insert the new derailleur hanger and secure it with the bolts or quick release. Make sure it is tightened firmly but not over-tightened.
- Thread the shift cable through the holes of the new derailleur hanger and attach it to the derailleur.
- Adjust the shift cable by pulling it until it is taut but not overtightened.
- Test the shifting by shifting through the gears and making sure they work smoothly and the derailleur hanger is adjusted correctly.
It is important to note that replacing the derailleur hanger is an advanced maintenance operation and it is recommended to have it done by a professional if you do not have the necessary knowledge and tools.
Alternatives to the derailleur hanger
- Direct attachment of the rear derailleur to the frame: Some high-end bikes have the rear derailleur attached directly to the frame, which eliminates the need for a derailleur hanger. However, this design is more expensive and if damaged, the entire frame often has to be replaced.
- Universal derailleur hangers: There are universal derailleur hangers that fit a variety of bike models. These offer a practical solution when the specific derailleur hanger is not available, but may vary in fit.
Tips and Tricks
- Keep a spare derailleur hanger handy, especially if you're taking your bike on longer tours. This way you can react quickly and make a repair if necessary.
- If you are unsure which derailleur hanger you need, consult a specialist dealer or mechanic. This can save you time and money.
